How to manage Hydropower
随着世界通过能源过渡，可再生能源部门的重要性越来越重要。从“传统”能源形式的转变对环境产生不利影响到提供清洁能源的系统是应对气候危机的核心宗旨。随着风，太阳能和水的来源提供动力的可再生能源系统，随着我们继续脱碳并减少对我们气候如此危险的排放，将发挥关键作用。鼓励对可再生能源的投资是2021年11月在格拉斯哥举行的COP26峰会上的关键结论，这是使全球变暖至1.5°C的目标的一部分。
使用水创造力量是一种已经运行了数百年的实践。考虑工业革命及其他地区的水厂。如今，水力发电用于水力发电：从水中产生低（或否）碳电力。2020年，水力发电在全球范围内提供了六分之一的发电。这使其成为世界上低碳力量的最大来源。国际能源局（IEA）2021年的水力发电报告强调了未来投资的重要性以及从水力发电上产生的电力增加，以实现到2050年的净零排放中设定的目标。在2020年，水电产量增加了3％。IEA的报告指出，要继续这一重要增长，“在此期间，应每年将平均48GW的新容量与电网相连。要实现如此强大的能力增长，需要更加强大的努力，尤其是为了简化允许和确保项目的可持续性。”
Flow control in hydropower
Flow control is the movement of liquids and gases in the day-to-day operations of a broad range of industries, including renewable energy. Actuators are essential in the flow control process to operate and control valves. There are many stages within hydropower where flow control is found, including control gates, reservoir/dam, penstocks, generators and water turbines. Actuators are also often required on auxiliary systems such as water treatment, water supply, drainage and air compressor systems. As with all energy production systems, multiple systems within a process must operate efficiently and safely to achieve a final output. The plants that generate renewable energy are complex and technical; they require flow control just as traditional fossil-fuel based systems conventional thermal power does.
电动执行器的角色
Rotork参与可再生水力发电支持联合国可持续目标7，以提供负担得起，可持续和清洁的能源。水力发电站点上最常见的流量控制是电动执行器，例如Rotork的IQ3智能执行器。其中有100多个提供给了Baihetan Dam Hydropower厂，这是中国金沙河（Jinsha River）级别的大坝的一部分。这家巨型工厂于2014年开始建设，并于2021年开始运营，其装机容量为16,000,000kW。IQ3执行器驱动电站内的供水系统，以及排水系统，空气压缩系统和其他辅助系统。执行器非常适合水力发电应用，因为它们的可靠性和稳健性，获得适当的电力以及其水/防尘入口保护（IP66/68）。
These actuators were also installed at the Grand Coulee Dam, Washington State, USA. This is the largest producer of hydroelectric power in the USA. It is a gravity dam, with three hydroelectric power generating plants and a pump generating plant. The actuators were installed as part of a major upgrade to improve efficiency of the site. They operate cone valves, which allow precise control of water through penstock systems. The gradual opening of the valves, controlled by the IQ actuators, allow for penstocks to be gradually filled. The accuracy of the actuators is central in preventing hydraulic shock (or “water hammer”) within operations of the site’s 33 hydroelectric generators.
旋转CK模块化电动执行器，用于非危害应用的开发，也在水力发电站点上发现。它们安装在墨西哥的阿拉米达·希德罗埃尔克特里卡植物园，以控制水流到产生高达6MW电力的涡轮机的流动。CK执行器的选择仅需要提供电源电源，以提供先前手动操作的阀门的自动化。
更大的画面
Hydropower plant operators must also consider the importance of maintenance and service provision. The IEA’s 2021 hydropower report highlights the importance of maintenance of ageing hydropower plants. Rotork has repeatedly demonstrated how careful management of existing flow control assets and ongoing service systems can extend the lifespan of plants. Management of obsolescence concerns and holistic consideration of an entire lifespan of an asset will increase the uptime of a site. This is essential in ensuring continued and long-term successful operation.
经过国际电力工程师杂志的允许再现。